Improvement in power-looms



4 SheetsSheet 1.

G. H. MULLER.

Power Loom.

No. 99,223. Patented Jan. 25, 1870.

INVENTORI vymsss Itw PETERS mmumn n mr, Washin ton. D c

4 Sheets-Sheet 2. e. H. MULLER.

Power Loom.

No. 99,223. Patented Jan. 25, 1870.

INVENTIOR:

u PETERS. Fhallrhllmgnphur. Washington. 0. c4

4 SheetsSheet' 3. G. H. MULLER.

'- Power Loom.

No. 99,223. Patented Jan. 25, 1870.

N. PETERS. m nm w. WasYinglun. n. c.

4 Sheets-Sheet 4. G. H. MULLER.

Power Loom.

No. 99,223. Patented Ja n. 25. 1870.

INVENTOR. gilt 2M5) I V T. H. MULLER, OF NEW'YO RK, Y.

Letters Patent N 99,223, dated January 25, 1870.

IMPROVEMENT 11v PownR-L'ooMs.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, T. H. MULLER, of the city, county, and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Looms; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof, which will enable those skilled in the art to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, forming part of this specification, in which drawing- Figure 1 represents a longitudinal vertical section of this invention.

Figure 2 is a side elevation of the same.

Figure 3 is a sectional front view of the same.

The remaining figures are details, which will be referred to as the description progresses.

Similar letters indicate corresponding parts.

This invention consists in combining, with the jacquard-machine, a guide-frame and four links, connected to the jacquard-flame by adjustable screws, and extending from bell-crank levers, which receive an oscillating motion from the driving-mechanism of the loom, in such a magnet that the jacquard-machine is alternately raised and depressed, and that those parts of the warp which are not lifted, and which form the lower shed, are madeto descend, while the upper shed ascends, (the same as with the ordinary heddle-motion,) and that the warp, while at rest, lies in a direct or unbroken line, and thereby a uniform tension in both parts of the shed is obtained, and at the same time, by the reciprocating motion of the frame containing the jacquard-machine, the clearing of the cards from the cylinder is facilitated; andiurthermore, the jacquard-machine, while being elevated and depressed, is steadied by the guide-frame, and the ordinary operation of the jacquard-mechanism is not disturbedyand, by adjusting the counecting-screws, a

uniform tension of the upper and lower shed can be preserved. 4

The invention consists, further, in a stationary shuttleguide, provided with upright spindlesand cogwheels, receiving their motion by rntans of a marionette-mcchanism, and serving to carry the shuttle through the shed of the warp, in combination witha reciprocating reed-carrier, in such a manner that the shuttle is caused to pass through the shed of the warp without partaking of the reciprocating motion of the reed-carrier.

The invention consists, also, in the arrangement of a beam, which can be raised and lowered, and which supports the shuttle-guides and the shuttle-mechanism, with its shafts and pinions, in combination with. an intermediate pinion mounted on an adjustable bracket, and serving to transfer motion-from the marionette-mechanism to the shuttle-mechanism, in such a manner that the shuttle-mechanism can be raised and lowered for different warps without throwing it out of gear with the marionette-mechanism.

The invention consists, further, in the combination of a reciprocating pusher, connected by links with pins projecting within the shuttle-guide boxes, and moved in one direction by springs, and in the other by the shuttle, with the bell-crank lever that acts on the beltshipper so as to stop the loom when the shuttle fails to fully enter the guide-box.

The invention consists, also, in the arrangement of a three-armed locking-lever, connected to a sliding bolt, and held in position by a knife-edged spring-stop, in combination with the sliding shaft of a marionettcmechanism, and with selfadjusting tappet-arms, in such a manner, that at the proper intervals the bolt, actuated by the three-armed lever, is released fromone of the sliding racks of the marionette-mechanism, and caused to engage with the other sliding rack, and by these means a positive motion is imparted to each of the sliding racks. The position of the tappet-arms, which govern the position of the three-armed lockinglever, is governed by stops attached to the sliding racks.

. The invention consists, further, in the arrangement of a brake, in combination with the marionette-mechanism, in such a manner that the momentum of the sliding racks of the marionette-niechanism is counteracted, and said sliding racks are prevented from being carried beyond the required point.

The invention consists, further, in the arrangement of a locking-device, consisting of movable notched pieces, forming cams or inclined planes to produce a gradually-increasing friction, in combination with a stud or the brake-lever, and with the reciprocating racks, in such a manner that said slidingracks are firmly locked at either end of their stroke, and prevented from moving during the return-stroke of the crosshead, while thcy'are released at the proper time, when their motion is to take place, and that by changing the position of said notched pieces in relation to each other, the stroke of the racks, and consequently that of the shuttle, can be regulated.

The invention consists, also, in the arrangement of a fusee, in combination with the tension-spring and eye of the shuttle, in such a manner, that by the action of the fusce, the changes in the tension of the spring are counteracted, and the tension of the weftthread remains uniform whether the same is thrown into the whole width or only a narrow portion of the shed.

The letter A designates a frame, which forms the bearing-parts for the working-mcchanism of my loom.

On the top of this frame is secured a secondary frame,

.13, which forms the, guide for the jacquard-machine G.

This jacquard-machine is similar, in its constructron, to an ordinary jacquard-machine, but its frame is supported by or attached to links a, which connect by elbow-levers b and pitman-rod 0, (best seen in fig. 3,) with an eccentric wrist-pin, f, secured in a disk, 9, which is mounted on the. end of a shaft, 71, (the connection of which with the main shaft will be hereafter more fully described,) so that by the action of said wrist-pin a reciprocating motion is imparted to the entire jacquarchmachine, and during this motion the guide-frame B keeps the jacquard-machine steady.

Theobject of said reciprocating motion is twofold. In the first place, it serves toequalize the tension of the upper and lower shed, as follows: the warp-threads are 1 carried through the loom in a right, unbroken line, and

if, in making the shed, a portion of the warp-threads are lifted, the tension of these threads naturally increases. Bnt by imparting to the jacquard-machine a reciprocating motion, I am enabled to depress those threads which are not lifted, and the tension in the upper and the lower shed remains uniform. This eifect will be best understood by referring to thediagram, Figure 9, where 0 represents the position of the old, and a the position of the new shed in taking in slack.

In order to adjust the throw of tl1e jacquardmachine up or down, I have provided a series of adjustingscrews, i, between the link a and the jacquardframe, and thereby the tension of the upper and lower sheds can be rendered absolutely uniform.

By imparting to'the whole jacquard-mechanism a reciprocating motion, I gain the further advantage of materially facilitating the clearing of the cards from the cylinder of the jacquard-machine. This effect will be readily understood, and requires no further expla nation. 7

The. shuttle S moves in stationary guides, j, which are situated on the opposite sides of the reed-carrier D.

Said shuttle is provided, on its back, with a toothed rack, is, (see Figure 4,) which gears into cog-wheels I, mounted on shafts m, which have their hearings in suitable boxes attached to the rear side of the shuttlegnides, and situated on opposite sides of the reedoarrier.

On the lower ends of said shafts m, are mounted bevel-wheels-n, which gear into corresponding bevelwheels 0, (see fig. 1,) mounted on a horizontal shaft, 1).

On this shaft is also mounted a cog-wheel, g, which gears into another cog-wheel, (1 mounted on a bracket, 1), (see Figure 8,) secured to the main frame, and gearing into another cog-wheel, 1, secured to the inner end of a shaft, 3. 4

This shaft extends through one side of the main frame A, and its outer end has its bearing in a standard, t, which rises from the bed of the machine, best seen in fig. 3.

The shaft 12 has its hearings in brackets attached to a beam, a, which is fastened to the main frame, and supports the shnttleguides jj, so that by raising or lowering said beam the shuttle-motion can be adjusted for different warps.

The beam a is simply raised by placing pieces of wood or metal under it, and if the beam is raised, the cog-wheel q rises with it, and the cog-wheel q has to be shifted so as to remain in gear with the wheel g as well as with the wheel '1'. For this reason the wheel (1 is interposed between the wheels q and 1', and by mounting said wheel on 'a suitable bracket, as stated, its position can be readily accommodated to the varying positions of the wheel q.

My shuttle-motion being constructed of the horizontalshaft p, bevel-Wheels o a, and cog-wheels l, is simple in its construction, not liable to get out of or der, and it occupies comparatively little space.

0n the shaft 8 is mounted a cog-wheel, n, which gears into the slide-racks E E of the marionette-mechanism, which is best seen in Figures 2, 5, and (i. Said slide-racks are guided in suitable bearings attached to the side of the frame A, and they receive the required motion by means of a bolt, 4;, which is secured in the cross-head F, and is alternately thrown in gear with is attached'to the rear or inner surface of the crosshead F, and subjected to the act-ion'of a spring, 0, (see fig. 6,) which has a tendency to pull it down to the position which it occupies in the last-named figure.

On the edges of the slide-racks E E are secured the fingers d, which act on the levers 0, having their fulcra on pivots secured in lugs, which are rigidly attached to the main frame, and which, consequently, do not move with any portion of the marionette-mechanism. These parts are best seen in fig. 2.

As the cross-head F moves downward, the slide rack E is carried down by it, and as this slide-rack approaches the lower-end of its stroke, the finger (1, attached to said slide-rack, comes in contact with the outer end of the corresponding lever e, and tilts the inner end of the same up, and retains it in such a position, that it strikes the arm a; of the three-armed lever w my. But before the lever 6 comes in contact with the arm as, the stop I), by-coming in contact with the stationary shoulder 1, (see fig. 6,) on the main frame, is raised against the action of its spring 0, so that the lever w a: y can be tilted, from the position which it occupies in fig. 2, to that which it occupies in fig. 5; and in order to lock said lever immediately after its position has been changed, and to retain it in its new position until it is finally locked by the stop I), I have applied a spring, g, with a V-shaped nose, which abuts against a knife-edged stud secured in the arm w of the lever 10 a: 1, as shown in figs. 2 and 5.

\Vhen the cross-head F recedes, the stop I) is released from the shoulder f and it is depressed by its spring 0, so that its V-shaped end bears on the arm w, and thereby the bolt v is pressed against-the inner edge of the slide-rack E, (fig. 5,) and as soon as said bolt comes opposite the recess 9*" in said slide-rack, it engages with the same, being forced into said recess by the action of the spring 0 and the slide-rack E is compelled to move down with the cross-head, on its succeeding down stroke, the bolt 1; being locked by the straight edge of the stop b bearing against the stud a.

By the action (if the three-armed lever 10 :t y, and of the fingers al the levers e and the spring-stop i), the bolt 1: is alternately thrown out of gear with one of the slide-racks at the bottom end of the stroke of the cross-head, and then it is thrown in gear with the again on said three-armed lever and bolt.

The upper edge of the bolt c is flat, so that the sliding racks will rest thereon during the latter part of their downward stroke, while the speed of the crosshead diminishes, rendering the same capable of following the motion of the crank at any moment, the object being to impart reciprocating motion to the shuttle.

The lower end of the bolt is tapered, so that the strain resulting from the friction, during the process of unlocking, is takenfrom the three-armed lever.

If the motion of the loom is rapid, the momentum of the slide-racks is apt to carry them beyond the desired position, and it is therefore desirable to provide a positive stop, which checks the motion of said slideracks at the proper moment, and which also serves as a. brake to counteract the momentum of the slide 1'acks. These objects I have effected by adisk, h, which is mounted on the shaft 3, and provided with two movable notched cam-shaped pieces, '5, the notches of which are intended to engage with a stop, j, which is drawn upagainst the circumference of the disk Why a spring, k, and acts also as a brake to counteract the momen- V tum of the slide-racks? Whenever the mai-ionette-mechanism arrives at either end of its stoke, the stop j drops into one of the recesses 01, and positively prevents any further motion of the shaft 8 and of the shuttle.

By making the notched cam-pieces t movable, the

length of the stroke of the racks, and consequently the stroke of the shuttle, can be regulated.

. Before the return stroke of the marionette-mechanism commences, however, the stop j is made to release the disk It, by the action of a slotted rod, 1, which receives its motion from an eccentric wrist-pin on one of the gear-wheels, and the forked or slotted end of which straddles a pin, in, projecting from a. lever, 12., which is mounted on the rock-shaft 0, that also carries the lever p, containing the stop j, and the motion of the rod 1 is so regulated, that the stop j is forced out of contact with the disk h, and retainedthere during aportion of the stroke of the niarionettemechanism, and said stop is permitted to bear on the disk or on shoes attached thereto, as the marionettemechanism approaches either end of its stroke, there being no need of counteracting the momentum of the slide-racks, until they approach the ends of theirstrokes, either up or down.

The cross-head of the marionetteanechanism connects, by a rod, q with an eccentric wrist-pin, T, which is secured in'a cog-wheel, s This cog-wheel has its bearing in a stud, t, secured in theside of the main frame A, and it gears into a-cog-wheel, u, mounted on the main shaft 1;, on which are mounted the fast and loose pulleys w, and whiclris driven by a belt, the position of which, in relation to the fast and loose pulleys, is governed by a belt-shipper, v

To the hub of the cogwheel s, is bolted an ellipti cal cog-wheel, 2, which gears in a corresponding elliptical wheel, a mounted on the shaft 7:, so that the motion of the reed-carrier is governed by theelliptical wheels z a in combination with the short connecting-rods, which will be presently described.

The shaftJt is geared, by means of cog-wheels If 0', (see fig. 1,) with the crank-shaft d, which connects, by cranks and connecting-rods f with the reedcarrier D. This reed-carrier oscillates on pivots g, secured in lugs h attached to the bottom part of the frame A, and the connecting-rods f are less than twice as long as the cranks 0 so that, even if the motion of the cran ks-shaft d were uniform, the reed-carrier would be at rest, or nearly so, during a considerable portion of the revolution of the crank-shaft; and this term of rest is still further prolonged, by the arrangement of the elliptical wheels, in combination with the short connecting-rods f The effect of the short connecting-rods will be apparent from the diagram, Figure 7. If the crank has reached the position shown in this diagram, the reedcarrier has nearly arrived at the back end of its stroke, and while the crank describes the arcl 2-, the connecting-rod describes an arc, 3 4, causing the reed-carrier to recede and then ad Vance a short distance, so that the motion of said reed-carrier is very small during the time the crank passes through the are 1 2. By

this combination, the motion imparted to the reedcarrier during one half of the revolution of the main shaft is quite insignificant, while its entire motion, or nearly so, takes place during the second half of said revolution, and consequently the shuttle has ample time to pass through the shed.

If the shuttle, from some cause, should fail to pass through the shed to the required .point in its guides, the reed-carrier would be apt to strike the point of the shuttle, and the mechanism would be injured.

Toavoid this, I have applied an automatic'stopmotion, which consists of pins 0?, which project through the shuttle-guides j, and connect, by a lever, R and rod l, with a pusher, m a spring, n", being appliedin such a manner that the pins '1? have a tendency to rise in the shuttle-guides, and the connection between said pins and the pusher on being so made, that when the pins rise, the front end of the pusher is also raised, so that it clears a stud, 0 secured in an elbow-lever, p (see fig. 1;) but if the pins 42 are depressed, the pusher m is brought in such a'position, that the same, when moved forward, will strike the stud 0, and turn the elbow-lever 11 on its fulcrum, said elbow-lever bea ing so arranged, that it is capable of disengaging the belt-shipper from its stop, and allow it to follow its controlling-spring or weight.

v The qnrsher m is connected to a rod, 9 the rear end of which is hinged to a lever, 1', pivoted to the main frame, and armed with a; friction-roller, s, that is drawn in a ainst a cam t b a s rin a connected to the lever T The cam t is mounted on the shaft h, and it-is so timed,-,that it actuates the pusher-rod q, just at the moment when the shuttle has reached either of the so that said pins are permitted to rise, and the pusher m is elevated clear of the stud 0 -In this case, therefore, the belt-shipper will not be disturbed by the action of the cam 18 on the pusher-bar q. But if, from some cause, the shuttle does not complete its whole stroke, either one or the other of the pins '1 remains depressed, when the cam it acts on the pusher-bar, and as the pusher in this case does not clear the stud 0 the bell-crank lever 11 is turned on its pivot, and thereby the belt-shipper is disengaged, and allowed-to follow the action of its controlling-spring or weight, and the belt is thrown from the fast to the loose pulley. By these means, the loom is stopped before the reed-carrier D is allowed to come in contact with the rock-shaft c, to which the belt-shipper is attached, so

that when the belt is thrown from the fast to the loose pulley, said brake-lever is pressed up against the circumference of a pulley, d fig. 3, which is mounted on the shaft 19, and thereby the motion of said shaft is effectually stopped, as soon as the belt has been thrown from the fast to the loose pulley.

The warp-threads are taken from a series of spools, M, which are. mounted in the frame N. This frame is provided with a series of forked tension-levers, 0, which are hinged to the frame N, so that their tailends bear on the peripheriesof the spools, and act as brakes, while the strands of thread are drawn through the outer forked ends of said levers, and weights Q, suspended from the bights of said strands, produce the requisite tension of the warp-threads, and keep the tail'ends of the levers O pressed up against the peripheries of the spools. By this arrangement, the tension-weights are brought outside of the main frame A, so that ready access can be had to them at all times.

This loom is intended particularly for weaving convex or irregular goods, such as corsets, where the weftthread, many times, is thrown into a portion of the shed only, either on one side or on the other, so that the length of thread-drawn out from the spool in the shuttle varies to a considerable extent 'for different picks. Provision must, therefore, be made to equalize the tension of the weft-thread, so that the same will not be disturbed by the quantity of thread required for different picks, and that it will leave no slack in the fabric.

This purpose I have effected, by introducing into one end of the shuttle S, a pulley, c, to which is attached a fusee, d, best seen in Figure 4*. From the large end of this fusee extends a cord, 0*, through a ring, f, to a spring 9 and to the circumference of the pulley c is secured a cord, which carries the glass ring h.

In the opposite end of the shuttle is secured a spring, 1', which carries a ring, 7' the eye It of the shuttle being situated in the middle, as shown in Figure 4.

The weft-thread is taken from the cop or spool l in the shuttle, and it passes through the ring m thence through the ring j in the opposite end of the shuttle, thence through the glass ring 11*, and thence to the shuttle-eye, and if the thread is drawn out with a certain tension, the cord carrying the glass ring h unwinds from the pulley c, and the cord 0, which eX-' tends to the spring g, winds up on the fusee d, causing the spring g to be extended.

If the tension on the shuttle-thread momentarily decreases, the cord 6 is partially unwound from the fusee, and the slack is taken in by the glass ring h, the cord of which winds up on the pulley 0,- but since the diameter of the fusee increases as the cord e unwinds, theincreased leverage of the fusee compensates for thedecrease in the tension of the spring 9 and .the tension of the thread is restored to the same degree as before. By this arrangement, 1 am enabled to take the filling-thread from a stationary spool, and retain a uniform pull thereon, whatever the amount of slack to be taken up, and I can accomplish what has heretofore been done by means of separate arms on the sides of the fabric, or by means of two shuttles, constructed so that thecye of the shuttle and dropbox is on that end which is turned toward the side of the fabric where the gore is to be woven, on the left end for a gore on the left half, and on the right end for a gore on the right half of the fabric. 4

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is v '1. The combination, with the jacquard and guideframe, of four, more or less, links, connected to the frame of the jacquard, by adjustable screws, and extending from bell-crank levers, which receive an oscillating motion from the driving-mechanism of the loom,

so that, by the guide-frame, the jacquard is steadied during its ascent and descent, and, by the adjustable screws, the uniform tension of the upper and lower shed can be preserved, substantially as shown and described.

2. The stationary shuttle-guide, provided with upright spindles and cog-wheels, and arranged'and operated as described, in combination with a reciprocating reed-carrier, substantially as specified.

3. The combination of a beam, which can be raised and lowered, and-which supports the shuttle-guides, and the shafts and pinions of the shuttle-drivin g mechanism, with an intermediate pinion, mounted on an adjustable bracket, and serving to transmit the motion from the reciprocating racks to the shuttle-drivin g mechanism, substantially as described, so that the shuttle-guides and the shuttle-driving mechanism can be raised and lowered for different warps, without throwing the latter out of gear with the reciprocating racks, asset forth.

4. The combination of the reciprocating pusher,

connected, by links, substantially 'as described, with pins projecting within the shuttle-guide boxes, and moved in one direction by springs, and in the other by the shuttle, with the bell-crank lever, that acts on the belt-shipper, so as to stop the loom when the shuttle fails to fully euter'the guide-box, as set forth.

5. The arrangement of a three-armedlocking-lever,

w a: a, connected to a sliding bolt, 1*, and held in position by a knife-edged spring-stop, b, in combination with the sliding racks E E, and with self-adjusting tappet-arms e, substantially as described.

6. The combination of the lockin -spring-g and knife-edged stud, in the three-armed lever w :v 0, with the sliding bolt v and racks E E, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

7. The brake-lever j, acting on the circumference of' the (lisk'h, and released by the forked bar I and lever al when arranged as described, and combined with the reciprocatingwracks, to counteract the momentum of the same, substantially as set forth. 7

8. The locking-device, consisting of movable notched cam-pieces i, and a stud secured in a lever, which is released by the forked bar I and lever 1n,'in combination with the reciprocating racks E E, and with the shuttle-driving mechanism, to'regulate the stroke of said racks and of the shuttle, substantially as described.

9. The combination, with the shuttle, of a fusee and its tension-spring, substantially as and for the purpose described.

T. H. MULLER.

Witnesses W. HAUFF, E. F. KAsTENHUBER. 

